Mirakee
FEATURES OF BOHR'S THEORY
The two most fascinating features of Bohr' theory which still exists in quantum theory are :-
1- The existence of stationary, non radiating states.
2- The relationship of radiation frequency to the energy difference between the initial & final states in a transition.
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BOHR's THEORY OF ATOM
Bohr's applied quantum theory to study the spectrum emitted by the gaseous atoms, from here he give rise to the phenomenon of Line Spectrum, because the radiation emitted by the gaseous atoms consists of the series of sharp lines.
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RESULTS
1- part of the energy of the absorbed photon frees an electron, which requires a fixed energy known as Work Function.
2- If the frequency is less then threshold frequency, no electron will be emitted.
3- There is no time lag btw the falling of light and emission of electron.
4- The kinetic energy of the electron depends upon frequency, not on intensity of light.
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ASSUMPTIONS
To explain the photoelectric effect two assumptions are made by him& that are -
1-The light is composed of corpuscles or photons , the energy of which is given by planks relationship.
2-An atom in a metal either absorb a whole photon or nothing.
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PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT
"Emission of electrons from a metal surface, when the light of frequency higher than the threshold frequency, falls on the metal surface, this phenomenon is known as photoelectric effect.
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In, 1905, Albert Einstein demonstrate the photoelectric effect , considering the particle nature of light. He take into consideration the "quanta" theory of Max Plank. He successfully able to demonstrate how the light is being emitted & absorbed from different planes.
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With the help of the concept that, light is a wave, we can only derive reasons for the interference & diffraction patterns but we are not able to give reasons that how the light is being emitted & absorbed at different surfaces.
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The mathematical application of quantum theory that maintains that energy is both matter & wave, depending on certain variables. Quantum mechanics this takes the probabilistic aspect of nature, in which all precise properties of an object , in principle, calculated.
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According to classical physics, energy is solely a continuous wave-like phenomenon, independence of the characteristics of physical matter. Plank's theory held that radiant energy is made up of particle like components named as " Quanta".
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Through physical experiments , Plank demonstrated that energy, in certain situations , can exhibits the characteristics of physical matter.
Thats where the concept of the "Dual nature of Light" came.
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